Biography: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Biography: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was a pioneer of Bengali novels and the composer of India's national song, "Vande Mataram." He played a crucial role in shaping modern Bengali literature with his historical and social novels.

Early Life & Education:

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was born on June 26, 1838, in Kantalpara, present-day West Bengal. He completed his education at Hooghly College and later graduated from the University of Calcutta with a BA degree. He also studied law and joined the British administrative service.

Literary Career:

Bankim Chandra is regarded as the father of Bengali novels. He introduced realism and historical themes into Bengali literature. His first novel, ‘Rajmohan’s Wife’ (1864), was written in English, but he later focused on Bengali literature.

Notable Works:

• Devi Chaudhurani (1884)
• Anandamath (1882) – This novel featured the song "Vande Mataram," which later became India's national song.
• Kopal Kundala (1866) – His first widely popular novel.
• Bishabriksha (1873)
• Radharani (1877)
• Sitaram (1886)
• Durgeshnandini (1865) – The first historical novel in Bengali literature.

Social & Political Influence:

His works significantly influenced the Indian independence movement. ‘Anandamath’ reflected the spirit of resistance against British rule.

Death:

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay passed away on April 8, 1894.

Conclusion:

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay remains an unforgettable figure in Bengali literature. His novels laid the foundation for modern Bengali fiction and inspired a generation with patriotic fervor.

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